ABSTRACT
Resumen Este trabajo estudia una red de acogida para científicos judíos desplazados por el nazismo a partir del archivo de Alejandro Lipschütz, fisiólogo que vivió en Chile desde 1926. A partir del contexto de la persecución antisemita y la forma en que afectó a la ciencia y a la universidad alemanas se analizan las cartas remitidas hacia y desde Lipschütz entre 1935 y 1936, con especial atención a personas que lo contactaron para huir de Alemania y que veían en América Latina una posibilidad. Proponemos que se trata de una red de agencias personales, cargada de subjetividades e intimidad, que debía tener en cuenta el antisemitismo y la xenofobia académica local.
Abstract This paper studies a shelter network for Jewish scientists displaced by nazism from the archive of Alexander Lipschütz, a physiologist who lived in Chile since 1926. From the context of the anti-Semitic persecution and the way in which it affected German science and their universities, we have analyzed letters sent to and from Lipschütz between 1935 and 1936, with special attention to people who contacted him to flee Germany and considered Latin America as a possibility to live. We suggest this was a network of personal agencies, charged with subjectivities and intimacy, which had to take into account local anti-Semitism and academic xenophobia.
Subject(s)
Prejudice , Refugees , Research Personnel , Universities , National Socialism , History, 20th Century , Latin AmericaABSTRACT
Abstract In this interview, Volker Roelcke explains and analyzes historical evidence refuting erroneous assumptions about medical atrocities committed by physicians during the Nazi era, provides insight into the implications of medicine during the Nazi period and the Holocaust for medicine and bioethics today, analyzes the history of the term "genocide," and suggests formats for future teaching, among other topics.
Resumen En esta entrevista, Volker Roelcke explica y analiza evidencia histórica que refuta las suposiciones erróneas acerca de las atrocidades cometidas por los médicos durante la era nazi, brinda información sobre las implicaciones de la medicina durante el período nazi y el Holocausto para la medicina y la bioética en la actualidad, analiza la historia del término "genocidio", y sugiere formatos para la enseñanza futura, entre otros temas.
Subject(s)
Bioethics , National Socialism , Genocide , History of Medicine , History, 20th CenturyABSTRACT
This conference was held on October 23, 2020, virtually, at the invitation of the Après-Coup based in New York and had the intends to show how the current Brazilian government has been using the language and aesthetics of the Third Reich in its statements to the nation and its institutional advertisements, in accord with its stance toward fascism. This development does not, however, seem to be exclusive to Brazil: the fascist state of mind has been spreading in other "democracies" across the planet
Esta conferência foi realizada em 23 de outubro de 2020, de forma virtual, à convite da Après-Coup sediada em Nova York e teve o objetivo de mostrar como o atual governo brasileiro vem utilizando a linguagem e a estética do Terceiro Reich em suas declarações à nação e em seus anúncios institucionais, de acordo com sua postura em relação ao fascismo. Este desenvolvimento não parece, no entanto, ser exclusivo do Brasil: o estado de espírito fascista vem espalhando-se em outras "democracias" em todo o planeta.
Subject(s)
Politics , Psychoanalysis , National Socialism , Federal GovernmentSubject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , National Socialism/history , Mother-Child Relations/psychology , EmotionsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy whose initial description is associated with two German authors, Alfons Maria Jakob and Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt. As polemic as the issue about the Creutzfeldt's merit in the first description of the disease, is his history during the Third Reich. Some evidence pointed to the idea that he was essentially against the Nazi ideology, though some did not. He was an official member of the SS, but his own wife was convicted by a Nazi court. Some authors have argued that Creutzfeldt helped save many patients during Aktion T4 operation, but, in fact, he could have done more. Even during the post-war period, he sent a letter to authorities reporting the name of a Nazi physician who worked as a medical reviewer at the euthanasia court, but he did not proceed any further when his letter initially failed to start an investigation.
RESUMO A doença de Creutzfeldt-Jakob (DCJ) é uma encefalopatia espongiforme transmissível, cuja descrição original está associada ao nome de dois autores alemães, Alfons Maria Jakob e Hans Gerhard Creuztfeldt. Tão polêmica quanto a questão sobre o real mérito de Creutzfeldt na primeira descrição da doença, é sua história de vida durante o Terceiro Reich. Algumas evidências apontavam para a ideia de que ele era essencialmente contra a ideologia nazista, mas outras não. Ele foi um membro oficial da SS, mas sua própria esposa foi condenada por um tribunal nazista. Alguns autores têm argumentado que Creutzfeldt ajudou a salvar muitos pacientes durante a operação Aktion T4, mas, na verdade, ele poderia ter feito muito mais. Mesmo durante o período pós-guerra, ele enviou uma carta às autoridades revelando o nome de um médico nazista que havia se empregado como revisor médico na corte sobre eutanásia, mas ele não insistiu mais quando sua carta inicialmente não desencadeou uma investigação.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , History, 20th Century , Euthanasia , Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome/prevention & control , Hand Disinfection , National Socialism , Policy , GermanyABSTRACT
RESUMO: O artigo investiga a relação entre nomeação e herança a partir da constatação lacaniana de que o sobrenome é símbolo do quinhão ao qual o sujeito tem acesso: o pecado dos pais tal como Kierkegaard o designa. Ao examinar a nomeação e o pecado herdado em Kierkegaard à luz da psicanálise, observamos aproximações entre esses elementos que podem atravessar o engajamento do sujeito com a sua história e o modo como se autoriza a ser chamado filho de.
Abstract: This study discusses the relation between nomination and inheritance starting from the Lacanian observation that the surname is a symbol of the legacy to which the subject has access: the parent's sin as Kierkegaard designates it. When examining, in the light of psychoanalysis, the nomination and ancestral sin in Kierkegaard, we observe approximations between these elements that can permeate the subject engagement with his history and the way he authorizes himself to be called son of.
Subject(s)
Humans , Wills , National Socialism , Names , FamilyABSTRACT
Anton's syndrome is arguably the most striking form of anosognosia. Patients with this syndrome behave as if they can see despite their obvious blindness. Although best known for his description of asomatognosia and visual anosognosia, Gabriel Anton (1858-1933) made other significant contributions to the clinical neurosciences, including pioneering work in neurosurgery, neuropsychology, and child psychiatry. However, it has not been recognized in the English literature that Anton was also a dedicated advocate of eugenics and racial hygiene. This paper provides a case of Anton's syndrome and puts the works of Gabriel Anton into their historic context.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Blindness , Blindness, Cortical , Cerebral Infarction , Child Psychiatry , Endocarditis , Eugenics , Euthanasia , Hygiene , National Socialism , Neuropsychology , Neurosciences , Neurosurgery , Strikes, EmployeeABSTRACT
Refugees from Germany transformed and modernized the teaching and the practice of pharmacology in Turkey. One of these was Paul Pulewka. For him and his colleagues at those times America was out of reach because of restrictive immigration laws and wide spread anti-Semitic hiring bias at its universities. Turkey saved a large percentage of those fired from their academic posts by the Nazis in Germany and later in Austria. Yet this significant chapter of 20th Century history has fallen beyond the Anglophone historians' radar horizon. This paper discusses that episode, its legacy, and perceptions thereof in Turkey today